![]() The following expression specifies America/Los_Angeles for the time zone region: You can replace the UTC offset with the TZR (time zone region) format element. For example, the following expressions have the same value: Two TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE values are considered identical if they represent the same instant in UTC, regardless of the TIME ZONE offsets stored in the data. You can specify TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE as a literal as follows: TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONEįractional_seconds_precision is optional and specifies the number of digits in the fractional part of the SECOND datetime field. Specify the TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE data type as follows: ![]() The time zone offset is the difference (in hours and minutes) between local time and UTC (Coordinated Universal Time, formerly Greenwich Mean Time). TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE is a variant of TIMESTAMP that includes a time zone region name or time zone offset in its value. NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE determines the language used for character data such as MON. The value of NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT initialization parameter determines the timestamp format when a character string is converted to the TIMESTAMP data type. Using the example format, specify TIMESTAMP as a literal as follows: ![]() You can specify the TIMESTAMP literal in a format like the following: The fractional seconds precision is 2 because there are 2 digits in ' 78'. TIMESTAMP įractional_seconds_precision is optional and specifies the number of digits in the fractional part of the SECOND datetime field. Specify the TIMESTAMP data type as follows: It also stores fractional seconds, which are not stored by the DATE data type. It stores year, month, day, hour, minute, and second values. The TIMESTAMP data type is an extension of the DATE data type. Otherwise, Oracle Database may not return the query results you expect. You can use the TRUNC (date) SQL function to ensure that the time fields are set to midnight, or you can make the query a test of greater than or less than ( =, or >) instead of equality or inequality ( = or !=). If your queries use a date format without a time portion, then you must ensure that the time fields in the DATE column are set to midnight. Oracle Database DATE columns always contain fields for both date and time. If you specify a date value without a date, then the default date is the first day of the current month. If you specify a date value without a time component, then the default time is midnight. Oracle Database automatically converts character values that are in the default date format into date values when they are used in date expressions. The specification for NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE is included because ' DEC' is not a valid value for MON in all locales. The date format in the example includes a two-digit number for the day of the month, an abbreviation of the month name, the four digits of the year, and a 24-hour time designation. The default date format for an Oracle Database date value is derived from the NLS_DATE_FORMAT and NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE initialization parameters. The following is an example of an ANSI date literal: DATE ''Īlternatively, you can specify an Oracle Database date value as shown in the following example: TO_DATE('1998-DEC-25 17:30','YYYY-MON-DD HH24:MI','NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE=AMERICAN') For each DATE value, Oracle Database stores the following information: century, year, month, date, hour, minute, and second.Ĭonverting a character or numeric value to a date value with the TO_DATE functionĪ date can be specified as an ANSI date literal or as an Oracle Database date value.Īn ANSI date literal contains no time portion and must be specified in exactly the following format: DATE 'YYYY-MM-DD' Although date and time information can be represented in both character and number data types, the DATE data type has special associated properties. The DATE data type stores date and time information. ![]() The following sections describe the datetime data types and interval data types in more detail: TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE does not store time zone information internally, but you can see local time zone information in SQL output if the TZH:TZM or TZR TZD format elements are specified. TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE also includes these fields: The fields that apply to all Oracle Database datetime and interval data types are: The values of these fields determine the value of the data type. Values of interval data types are sometimes called intervals.īoth datetimes and intervals are made up of fields. The interval data types are INTERVAL YEAR TO MONTH and INTERVAL DAY TO SECOND. Values of datetime data types are sometimes called datetimes. The datetime data types are DATE, TIMESTAMP, TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE, and TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE.
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